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«INFORMATICS AND APPLICATIONS»
Scientific journal
Volume 18, Issue 3, 2024
Content | About Authors
Abstract and Keywords
- L. L. Vyshinsky Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- Yu. A. Flerov Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The problems of analyzing the characteristics of the designed aircraft at the stage of its appearance
formation are considered. The characteristic feature of these tasks is the lack of sufficient information about the
aircraft design which appears only at the stages of preliminary and detailed design. In essence, these are the tasks
of technical forecasting for a rather limited set of parameters that can be operated by the designer at this stage.
The main task of image formation is synthesis of the aircraft layout scheme and construction of its parametric
representation. Composition diagrams in design practice represent one of the main design documents and serve
as a prototype of the developed product. The present work is devoted to the presentation of mathematical models
designed to build estimates of weight, aerodynamic, flight and technical, take-off, and landing characteristics of the
aircraft using the parameters of its layout and the subsequent verification of compliance of the obtained estimates
with the requirements for the designed product.
Keywords: mathematical modeling; design automation; aircraft; aircraft layout; aircraft characteristics
- I. N. Sinitsyn Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation, Moscow State Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125933, Russian Federation
Abstract: The paper is dedicated to statistical modeling methodological support for differential stochastic systems
with unsolved derivatives (StS USD). The basic results are: (i) two theorems concerning reduction of stochastic
functional-differential equations to stochastic Ito equations; (ii) Euler approximation method for stochastic
differential equations with Gaussian and Poisson noises; (iii) three theorems concerning numerical algorithms of
various accuracy for StS USD with smooth nonlinearities; and (i.) two algorithms for StS USD with nonsmooth
nonlinearities. Special attention is paid to methodological aspects of numerical statistical analysis of deterministic
and random components in the cases of weak and strong approximation. Directions for further research are given.
Keywords: analytical (probabilistic) modeling; methodological support; statistical modeling; stochastic systems (StS); StS with unsolved derivatives (StS USD)
- I. N. Sinitsyn Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: For observable differential Gaussian stochastic systems (StS) with random parameters in the form of
multicomponent integral canonical expansions (MC ICE) and StS with unsolved derivatives (USD),methodological
support for synthesis of conditionally optimal filters is presented. A survey in the fields of analytical modeling
and sub- and conditionally optimal filtering, extrapolation, and identification is presented. Necessary information
concerning MC ICE is given. Special attention is paid to mean square regressive linearization including MC ICE.
The stochastic systems with USD reducible to differential are considered. Basic results in normal conditionally
optimal filtering (COF) are presented for StS USD reducible to differential. The theory of COF application to StS
USD with multiplicative noises is developed. An illustrative example for scalar StS USD reducible to differential is
given. For future COF generalization, (i) methods of moments, quasi-moments, and one- and multidimensional
densities of orthogonal expansions and (ii) development for stochastic inclusions are recommended.
Keywords: regression linearization; stochastic system with unsolved derivatives (StS USD); stochastic process; conditionally optimal filtering (COF)
- A. V. Borisov Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-52 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Yu. N. Kurinov M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-52 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- R. L. Smeliansky M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-52 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
Abstract: The paper introduces a class of the jump processes. The first compound component represents aMarkov
jump process with a finite state space. The second compound component jumps synchronously with the first one.
Given the first component trajectory, the second component forms a sequence of independent random vectors.
The corresponding conditional distributions are known and have intersecting support sets. This makes impossible
the exact recovery of the first process component by the second one. The authors prove the Markov property for
the considered class of random processes and obtain a collection of their probability characteristics. It includes
the infinitesimal generator and its conjugate operator. Their knowledge makes possible the construction of the
Kolmogorov equation system describing the evolution of the process probability distribution. Also, a martingale
decomposition for an arbitrary function of the considered process was derived. It can be characterized by the
solution to a system of linear stochastic differential equations with martingales on the right side. If the functions of
the investigated process have finite moments of the second order, one may obtain the quadratic characteristics of
martingales.
Keywords: Markov jump process; infinitisemal generator; martingale decomposition; stochastic differential equation
- A. V. Bosov Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The solution of the linear output of the stochastic differential system optimal control problem on an
infinite horizon is adapted for one particular case of indirect observation. The ergodic Markov chain plays the
role of a dynamic system and the autonomous linear output formed by it provides indirect noisy observations on
the state of the chain. The control purpose is formulated as output stabilization in positions determined by the
chain and periodically changing with chain state changes. The solution, as in a similar problem with complete
information, is obtained as the limit form of optimal control in the corresponding problem with a finite horizon.
Sufficient conditions for the control existence turn out to be typical conditions for linear-quadratic problems of
structure of the optimal Wonham filter, only linear components are present in the control and all nonlinearity is
limited by the equation of the filtering estimate. Due to this, the existence conditions include only the requirements
for the autonomous Riccati equation solution. A numerical experiment for the mechanical drive model used in
previous studies is discussed. The purpose of the experiment is to show the difference in the use of optimal control
and its autonomous version.
Keywords: Markov chain with continuous time; Wonham filter; linear differential system; optimal control; stabilization; square criterion
- A. V. Zorine National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Prosp. Gagarina, Nizhni Novgorod 603022, Russian Federation
Abstract: In course of a probabilistic modeling and analysis of complex controlled queueing systems with several
conflicting input flows, in a series of papers, an approach was successfully applied, one of its features being
a nonlocal description of various system building blocks. In this description, some information about true arrival
and leave times of customers is lost. It leads to difficulties in defining a busy period but that is one of classic
performance metrics for an operating queueing system. In this paper, a controlled queuing system busy period
definition is based on selecting those observation instants when queues reach zero level. A cyclic service algorithm
with fixed switching times as an example using a martingale technique and effective computational formulas are
obtained for the mathematical expectation of busy periods related to individual queues.
Keywords: controlled queueing system; nonlocal description of blocks; nonordinary Poisson flows; cyclic service algorithm; busy period; multivariate denumerable Markov chain; martingale; generalized Rouche. ’s theorem; Lagrange interpolation polynomial
- Yu. E.Malashenko Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- I. A. Nazarova Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: On the model of a multiuser communication system, changes in performance indicators are analyzed
when network nodes are damaged. In the course of computational experiments, changes in the unit cost of resources
and edge loading are monitored while simultaneously transmitting internodal flows in a damaged network. To
assess the consequences of each damage, the obtained values are compared with the initial ones. For each damaged
node, an increase in the unit cost of transmitting internodal flows is calculated. The number of source-sink pairs
left without connection is determined. A set of guaranteed estimates of the maximum possible loads of network
edges in case of any damage is formed. The average values for all damages are calculated. Summary diagrams for
networks with various structural features are built on the basis of aggregated calculated indicators.
Keywords: streaming model of the communication network; node damage assessment; edge loading
- E. V. Djukova Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- G. O.Masliakov Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- D. S. Ianakov National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
Abstract: The authors consider a logical approach to the supervised classification problem. A difference and
a connection between two well-known directions of logical classification are noted: the direction represented by
Correct Voting Procedures (CVP) and the direction based on the ideas of the JSM-method. The issues of improving
the classifiers of the second direction are considered on the basis of using a less strict decisive rule and generalizing
a scheme of work in the case when the featured descriptions of the objects under study are the elements of the
Cartesian product of finite partially ordered sets. The developed new models of the JSM-classifiers use the ideas
proposed earlier when creating similar algorithms for the CVP direction. The results of an experimental study on
real-world tasks using a special linear ordering of feature values are presented.
Keywords: supervised classification; logical classifier; Correct Voting Procedures; JSM-method; representative elementary classifier; partial order
- M. O. Vorontsov Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-52 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- O. V. Shestakov Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-52 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1,Moscow 119991, Russian Federation, Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: An approach to solving the problem of noise removal in a large array of sparse data is considered based
on the method of controlling the average proportion of false hypothesis rejections (False Discovery Rate, FDR).
This approach is equivalent to threshold processing procedures that remove array components whose values do not
exceed some specified threshold. The observations in the model are considered weakly dependent. To control the degree of dependence, restrictions on the strong mixing coefficient and the maximum correlation coefficient are
used. The mean-square risk is used as a measure of the effectiveness of the considered approach. It is possible
to calculate the risk value only on the test data; therefore, its statistical estimate is considered in the work and its
properties are investigated. The asymptotic normality and strong consistency of the risk estimate are proved when
using the FDR threshold under conditions of weak dependence in the data.
Keywords: thresholding; multiple hypothesis testing; risk estimate
- P. V. Shnurkov National Research University “Higher School of Economics,” 34 Tallinskaya Str., Moscow 123458, Russian Federation
- D. A. Novikov National Research University “Higher School of Economics,” 34 Tallinskaya Str., Moscow 123458, Russian Federation
Abstract: The work examines the problem of optimizing external influences (controls) on the process of changing
the price of the so-called bi-currency basket on the foreign exchange market of the Russian Federation. The
theoretical basis of the approach used is the solution of a stochastic tuning problem with discrete time. Based on
the previous statistical analysis, it was established that the stochastic process characterizing the evolution of the
bi-currency basket price, under certain conditions, can be quite adequately described by a classical homogeneous
Markov chain. In this case, statistical estimates of the transition probabilities of the specified chain were obtained.
Necessary auxiliary probabilistic characteristics of the Markov model are numerically determined. For various
given cost characteristics, a study of the stationary cost indicator of management efficiency-average specific profit
was conducted. Specific numerical solutions to the corresponding optimal control problem are obtained which can
be interpreted as optimal external influences (interventions) on the stochastic process under study.
Keywords: stochastic Markov and semi-Markov control models; discrete time tuning problem; fractional linear integral functionals on discrete probability distributions; optimal control in stochastic economic systems
- S. V. Listopad Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The paper is devoted to the development of the basic architecture of reflexive-active systems of
artificial heterogeneous intelligent agents including a standard functional structure of the system and a generalized
architecture of agents. Due to the combination of heterogeneous agents in the system, it hybridizes various
specialists’ knowledge and methods of formal representation of the systems taking into account the instrumental
and functional heterogeneity of emerging problems. The reflexive capabilities of agents allow them to model other
agents, themselves, and the system as a whole reducing the intensity of conflicts and the duration of building
interaction when the composition of the system changes. As a result, self-organization of the system in a strong
sense becomes possible during which for each new practical problem, a solution method relevant to it is developed.
Keywords: reflection; reflexive-active system of artificial heterogeneous intelligent agents; hybrid intelligent multiagent system; team of specialists
- D. O. Dobrovol’skij Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 18/2 Volkhonka Str., Moscow 119019, Russian Federation, Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1-1 Bolshoy Kislovsky Lane, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation, Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- I. M. Zatsman Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The problem-oriented model of extracting linguistic knowledge from parallel texts is considered to be
a key theoretical component for creating a lexicographic information system that provides integration of electronic
bilingual dictionaries and parallel corpora. The proposed approach to solving the integration problem takes into
account the emergence of new meanings of words and phrasemes which is due to the acquisition of new knowledge
by experts who discover these meanings as a result of semantic analysis of regularly updated corpus data. The
proposed model describes the human–computer interaction including the search for fragments of parallel texts
as potential sources of new linguistic knowledge, its extracting by experts from texts, and representation in the
lexicographic information system. The basis for building the problem-oriented model is the spiral model of
knowledge generation which was proposed by Ikujiro Nonaka in 1991. The purpose of the paper is to describe
the stages of building the model for discovering linguistic knowledge used in the lexicographic information system
design.
Keywords: lexicographic information system; parallel texts; spiral model of knowledge generation; problem-oriented model
- A. A. Goncharov Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
- P. V. Iaroshenko Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The problemof implicit logical-semantic relations (LSRs) annotation is considered. The state-of-the-art
in the annotation of implicit LSRs is analyzed. The approaches focused on (i) analysis of the global discourse
structure; (ii) analysis of the local discourse structure; and (iii) unification of the data annotated within different
frameworks and development of a unified annotation standard are presented. The principles for annotating implicit
LSRs in parallel texts are proposed, i. e., target of annotation is a translated correspondence (a pair of fragments
from the original and translated texts). Translation correspondences illustrating implicit–explicit mismatch have
been studied, i. e., where LSR markers are absent in the Russian text while in the text in another language, on the
contrary, they are present. Taking into account the specificity of implicit LSRs, the following principles of their
annotation were formulated: (i) it is necessary to determine the boundaries of LSR arguments (to ensure clarity and
convenience of analysis); (ii) features of text blocks should form a hierarchical structure (to ensure convenience of
using a large number of features); and (iii) if a feature of a text block has a lexical marker, this marker should be
indicated (to ensure better justification of the annotator’s decisions).
Keywords: linguistic annotation; discourse relations; logical-semantic relations; implicitness; parallel texts
- V. A. Nuriev Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article highlights the opportunities that the integration of computer-assisted tools into the literary
translator’s workbench provides in navigating the complexities of interlingual punctuation asymmetry. Across
natural languages, punctuation principles can vary, which results in differences in the punctuation repertoire and
its usage rules. For literary translators, understanding these differences is essential to accurately convey the artistic
integrity of the source text. While interlingual punctuation asymmetry has long been studied,modern advancements
in computer and language sciences, particularly, the corpus-based approach, offer new theoretical and practical
insights that can greatly enhance the translation process. This approach allows for a deeper understanding of
punctuation nuances leading to more informed translation choices and decisions. Thus, the article contributes to
the recent trend of applying computer-assisted tools to literary translation.
Keywords: computer-assisted literary translation; punctuation; asymmetry between languages; corpus-based translation studies; parallel corpus; English; French; Russian
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