«Systems and Means of Informatics»
Scientific journal
Volume 29, Issue 4, 2019
Content | About Authors
Abstract and Keywords.
Abstract: The article considers algorithms of choosing structural parameters characterizing the mixture of probabilistic principal component analyzers model in relation to the tasks of medical diagnostics. The solution is proposed to search by combining the application of information criteria for the formation of initial approximations, followed by refinement of the resulting solutions. The described approaches and algorithms lead to results that generally do not guarantee the best solution. But they make it possible to clarify whether it is possible to reduce the dimensionality which leads to an increase in the quality of classification. In addition, new information about the objects of study is being formed. Using the example of experiments to diagnose liver diseases and predict the chemical composition of urinary stones, the capabilities of the described data analysis procedures are demonstrated. The proposed solutions are a source of improving the accuracy of classification and give impetus to experts in the subject area to clarify the essence of the processes.
Keywords: principal components analysis; Gaussian mixture model; dimensionality reduction; information criterions; cross-validation; medical diagnostics
- Yu. A. Stepchenkov
- Yu. G. Diachenko
- Yu. V. Rogdestvenski
- N. V. Morozov
- D. Yu. Stepchenkov
- D. Yu. Diachenko
Abstract: Indication subcircuit in self-timed (ST) circuits provides both control of the completion of switching all their cells to the current phase and control of their functional blocks interaction. An increase of the ST-circuit capacity leads to rising contribution of the indication subcircuit to the circuit's transient delay. The paper discusses the optimization of the indication subcircuit and
the organization of the ST-pipeline intended for improving performance of the whole circuit. Register bit for storing intermediate data in the pipeline stages is implemented on the basis of hysteretic trigger instead of traditional RS-trigger.
Such register bit has less complexity and provides storing both the work and the spacer states of a dual-rail data. Discipline of the pipeline stage phase control by means of total indication outputs of the adjacent pipeline stages is replaced with bit-wise indication and bit-wise control principle, which utilizes the parallelism of the calculations in the multibit ST-circuits. Proposed solutions essentially improve ST-circuits performance due to a slight complication of the indication subcircuit.
Keywords: self-timed circuit; pipeline; hysteretic trigger
- A. A. Grusho
- M. I. Zabezhailo
- N. A. Grusho
- E. E. Timonina
Abstract: The management of distributed information and computing systems involves two interrelated tasks: business continuity and security. Both tasks use similar methods to identify the causes of failures and security incidents.
The aim of the study is adequate formalization, which in the future can be used to automate at least part of the functions of search for causes of failures and security incidents. Based on the relationship between the functions of the system administrator and methods of building metadata for managing connections in distributed information and computing systems, the method of hierarchical building of metadata and the new method of their application are proposed, which allows to search for causes of failures and control the solution of problems in such systems. The model and algorithm of search for an empirical cause of the failure, which are based on metadata and backup of tasks and data, have been built. It is shown that it is possible to build a tree of solutions to identify an empirical cause of an implicit failure with accuracy to an available destabilization of failed information technology. This highlights typical cause-effect analysis tasks from which you can design the entire search.
Keywords: information security; metadata; cause-and-effect relationships; system administration; implicit failures and errors
- S. B. Rumovskaya
- A. V. Kolesnikov
- A. A. Litvin
Abstract: The paper considers the idea of the visual metalanguage describing the solution of a diagnostic problem by a combination of several interconnected reasoning processes in different languages. The approach to reducing a diagnostic problem with cognitive visualization is also observed. The diagnostic problem is presented as a decomposition of elements of different types hierarchically arranged with horizontal connections. It includes domain diagnostic solution, diagnostic tasks and subtasks, diagnostic solutions-bundles and compensated difficulties.
The axiomatic theory of role visual diagnostic models of functional hybrid intelligent diagnostic systems is based on the considered visual metalanguage.
Such systems are the support systems for making diagnostic decisions with cognitive visualization of problems and obtaining an integrated image - the "state of human organs and systems."
Keywords: diagnostic problem; cognitive visualization; reduction of a diagnostic problem; visual metalanguage
- I. S. Zaryadov
- L. A. Meykhanadzhyan
- T. A. Milovanova
Abstract: Consideration is given to the GI/MSP/n/ж queue with general input flow of customers, n identical servers, service process of markovian type, queue of infinite capacity, and general renovation. General renovation being the variant of an active queue management mechanism, implies that upon a service completion, a customer may remove a random number of customers from the queue (if any is available), with a given probability distribution. Using embedded Markov chain technique, one derives stationary distributions of the main system's performance characteristics. The obtained results are ready for numerical implementation and allow one to compute stationary distributions of the system size, stationary loss probability, and waiting time distribution (under FIFO (first in, first out) service and head-of-the-queue renovation).
Keywords: queueing system; general renovation; markovian service process; queue management; embedded Markov chain
- O. E. Sorokoletova
- T. V. Zakharova
Abstract: This paper applies Random Sampling Method (RSM) to classification task for cryptocurrencies time series, which are not-stationary Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks have been demonstrated to be particularly useful for learning sequences containing longer term patterns of unknown length, such as at this task. But RSM represents another deep learning algorithm with more
flexible architecture, built on the basis of LSTM cells and thus having all the advantages of the traditional algorithm, but more resistant to the class imbalance problem. The main distinguishing feature of RSM is the use of metric learning and special sampling scheme.
Keywords: cryptocurrency; time series; forecasting; classification; metric learning; LSTM; random sampling; neural networks; deep learning
- V.A. Beschastnyi
- D. Yu. Ostrikova
- Yu. V. Gaidamaka
Abstract: The deployment of prospective 5G New Radio telecommunication systems (5G NR) that utilizes millimeter-wave frequencies will allow achieving an unprecedented increase in capacity of mobile wireless networks. This type of communications will provide the possibility to introduce new special resourceconsuming and mission critical applications with extremely high requirements for network infrastructure, which are the key driver in the development of 5G systems. The present authors propose an analytical method for the analysis of 5G NR systems based on a multiservice loss system with limited resources and customers that demand varying amount of resource within their service time. For the considered model, the authors propose an approximate method that allows to calculate the stationary probability distribution and other network performance metrics to the specified accuracy. The findings are illustrated with a numerical example.
Keywords: New Radio; mmWave; Line of Sight, LoS; loss probability; loss system; limited resource; variable demand
- O. V. Chukhno
- N. V. Chukhno
- Yu. V. Gaidamaka
- K. E. Samouylov
Abstract: Social networks are the most preferred mean in terms of user interaction, information sharing, and communication. Therefore, they can be used in a group decision making process. However, in existing methods of group decision making, experts should follow the specific proposed structures when making their decisions. This is unnatural for online services in which users can express their opinions in a free form. To solve this problem, a model of a group decision making process is proposed in which experts can feel more free when evaluating pairs of alternatives or expressing their opinions. This method makes it possible to work in social networks. The article also offers a review and on its basis a formal description of the group decision making algorithm in a social network. A method for evaluating alternatives is presented, in which experts provide their assessments during the discussion of a problem with the use of texts, messages, or publications in chosen platforms. Methods are proposed for determining the level of consensus reached among the experts of this process.
Keywords: group decision making; social networks; consensus measures; sentiment analysis
- V. V. Vakulenko
- I. M. Zatsman
Abstract: The paper proposes the framework for the design of the Intellectual Dictionary System (IDS) prototype, as well as its primary functions, including three main structural components: (i) parallel text and multimedia data storage; (ii) lexicographical knowledge base and supracorpora databases; and (iii) bilingual online dictionaries generated by IDS. Distinguishing features of IDS are as follows: first, the possibility to store the descriptions of personal and collective concepts of the lexicographers' knowledge, as well as their dictionary representation in two natural languages in the form of dictionary entries; second,
IDS allows updating online dictionaries by entries; and third, IDS gives the possibility to customize not only the user interface of the bilingual online dictionaries, but also the amount of the content displayed in an entry. The goal of the article is to describe the framework for the design of IDS, its primary functions and components.
Keywords: intellectual dictionary system; lexicographical knowledge base; online dictionary; parallel texts; multimedia data
Abstract: The article discusses approaches to determining the quality of machine translation (MT) and several methods of translation quality assessment. The aim of the article is to review a number of methods and approaches to human and automatic assessment of MT quality. The first part of the article describes the methods of relative human evaluation (ranking of translations) and absolute evaluation based on penalties for errors in translation, as well as software and algorithms that simplify human assessment. Most attention is paid to the DQF/MQM (Dynamic Quality Framework/Multidimensional Quality Metrics) error typology which is not aimed at a limited subject area as the most flexible one. The second part of the article is devoted to a review of metrics for automatic quality assessment of MT that do not use linguistic data as well as the correlation coefficients of human and automatic evaluation.
Keywords: machine translation (MT); machine translation quality; rankings of translations and translation systems; MT quality metrics; error typologies; translation quality assessment; human evaluation of MT quality
- I. M. Adamovich
- O. I. Volkov
Abstract: The article continues a series of works devoted to the description and analysis of distributed technology of concrete historical investigation support based on the principles of crowdsourcing. This article is devoted to the description and substantiation of the approach to modeling the stage of formation of the research community and evaluation of the prospects of project deployment depending on the volume of the initial content of the semantic network underlying the technology. The proposed approach is to analyze the processes of changing the number of participants in the research community and the volume of the semantic network of technology as a nonlinear dynamic system. The analysis was performed for different initial conditions. With the help of this approach, the estimation of the level of the initial filling of the semantic network was obtained at which the steady growth of the community is provided. The adequacy of the model was checked by comparing the character of community growth determined by the simulation with the empirical graph of changes in the number of participants in network communities.
Keywords: semantic net; model; technology; dynamic systems; specific historical investigation
Abstract: The article deals with the approaches to the development of process models of management systems in the field of strategic planning. From the point of view of the scientific approach, the methods of strategic planning can be attributed to the theory of complex systems management. The key is to understand strategic planning as a cyclical sequence of interrelated processes, among which there are two complete and interrelated management cycles which will be conventionally called "planning" and "implementation." The management cycle "implementation" is clearly situational. It provides continuous monitoring of the implementation of the strategic plan, situational analysis of the flows of events in the controlled space, and the current response to changes in the situation up to the adjustment of strategic planning documents.
Keywords: strategic planning; process approach; process model; management system
Abstract: Improving the symbolic, code, and signal arsenal of the modern environment for constructing, interpreting, saving, manipulating, and exchanging messages is a constantly relevant scientific and technical problem. The advancement in many areas of human-machine and machine-machine interfaces development depends on solution of this problem. In this article, symbols, codes, and signals are considered as constructive objects for building, storing, and transmitting messages in a digital environment. A symbol is defined as a substitute for an object, belonging to a specific set for generating messages according to the specified rules. Each element of such set is endowed with a set of properties (the same for all elements of the set) which ensures applicability in a given environment of the forming, transmitting, interpreting, storing, and manipulating the messages. The symbols kinds (visual, audio, etc.) and the symbol types inside each kind have been defined. The code is defined as a substitute for symbol or message that meets the requirements for solving the basic problems of representing, transforming, recognizing, constructing, interpreting, exchanging, saving, accumulating, searching, and protecting messages. The signal is studied as a physically realized code representation designed for recognition and interpretation by human or hardware (microprocessor, video controller, etc.).
Keywords: interfaces; messages; symbolic modeling; symbols; symbol kinds; symbol types; codes; signals
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