Informatics and Applications
2023, Volume 17, Issue 4, pp 96-103
SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM OF INFORMATICS: CLASSIFICATION OF DOMAIN OBJECTS
Abstract
A description is given of the three top levels of classification of domain's objects of informatics which is positioned as an integral part of the system of scientific knowledge that covers a wide range of information and computer sciences. With such positioning, the boundaries of the domain expand significantly and largely correspond to the concept of polyadic computing by Paul Rosenbloom. All entities of informatics in the proposed scientific paradigm are divided into two global classes: objects and their transformations. For each class, in the process of creating the paradigm, its own classification is constructed. The paradigm's creation began with the formation of these classifications. The paper discusses the three top levels of classification of domain's objects of informatics. The basis for constructing the first (the highest) level is the division of the domain of informatics into the media: mental, sensory, digital, and a number of other media. The basis for constructing the second level of objects' classification is the division of sensory perceived objects of informatics into data and sign information which is the outcome of transformation of human cognitive structures into a sign form. The basis for constructing the third level of classification of objects is the typology of sign systems by A. Solomonick. The aim of the paper is to describe the approach to constructing the three top levels of classification of domain's objects of informatics and to compare it with the previously used approaches to describing its subject domain. Also, based on the proposed approach, the answers to those questions of Thomas Kuhn about the basic entities of the subject domain which should contain the paradigm of any science, not just informatics, are partly formulated.
[+] References (32)
- Nygaard, K. 1986. Program development as a social activity. Information processing. Ed. H.-J. Kugler. North Holland: Elsevier Science Publs. B. V., IFIP. 189-198.
- Harel, D. 1987. Algorithmics: The spirit of computing. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. 514 p.
- Kolin, K. K. 2006. Stanovleniye informatiki kak fundamental' noy nauki i kompleksnoy nauchnoy problemy [Be
coming of informatics as fundamental science and the complex scientific problem]. Sistemy i Sredstva Informatiki - Systems and Means of Informatics 3:7-58.
- Gilyarevskiy, R. S. 2006. Informatika kak nauka ob informatsii [Informatics as science of information]. Sistemy
i Sredstva Informatiki - Systems and Means of Informatics 3:59-87.
- Denning, P. 2007. Computing is a natural science. Commun. ACM 50(7):13-18. doi:10.1145/1272516.1272529.
- Denning, P., and P. Rosenbloom. 2009. Computing: The fourth great domain of science. Commun. ACM 52(9):27-29. doi: 10.1145/1562164.1562176.
- Rosenbloom, P. S. 2013. On computing: The fourth great scientific domain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 307 p.
- Caspersen, M.E., J. Gal-Ezer, A. McGettrick, and E. Nardelli. 2019. Informatics as a fundamental discipline for the 21st century. Commun. ACM 62(4):58-63. doi: 10.1145/3310330.
- Tedre, M., and J. Pajunen. 2022. Grand theories or design guidelines? Perspectives on the role of theory in computing education research. ACM T. Comput. Educ. 23(1):1-20. doi: 10.1145/3487049.
- Kuhn, T. 1962. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 264 p.
- Fincher, S., and J. Tenenberg. 2006. Using theory to inform capacity-building: Bootstrapping communities of practice in computer science education research. J. Eng. Educ. 95(4):265-277. doi: 10.1002/j.2168-
9830.2006.tb00902.x.
- Solomonick, A. B. 2019. Opyt sovremennoy filosofii poznaniya [Experience of modern philosophy of cognition]. Saint Petersburg: Aletheia. 232 p.
- Solomonick, A. B. 2021. The modern theory of cognition. Newcastle, U.K.: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 242 p.
- Solomonick, A. 2006. Paradigma semiotiki [The paradigm of semiotics]. Minsk: MET Publs. 335 p.
- Zatsman, I. M. 2023. Nauchnaya paradigma informatiki: klassifikatsiya transformatsiy ob"ektov predmetnoy oblasti [Scientific paradigm of informatics: Transformations' classification of domain objects]. Sistemy i Sredstva Informatiki - Systems and Means of Informatics 33(4):126-138. doi: 10.14357/08696527230412. EDN: ZIKUWO.
- Ackoff, R. 1989. From data to wisdom. J. Applied Systems Analysis 16(1):3-9.
- Rowley, J. 2007. The wisdom hierarchy: Representations of the DIKW hierarchy. J. Inf Sci. 33(2):163-180. doi: 10.1177/0165551506070706.
- Fricke, M.H. 2018. Data-Information-Knowledge- Wisdom (DIKW) pyramid, framework, continuum. Encyclopedia of Big Data. Eds. L. Schintler and C. McNeely. Cham: Springer. 4 p. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-320014.331-1.
- Denning, P., and P. Freeman. 2009. Computing's paradigm. Commun. ACM 52(12):28-30. doi: 10.1145/
1610252.1610265.
- Farradane, J. 1980. Knowledge, information, and information science. J. Inf. Sci. 2(2):75-80. doi: 10.1177/ 01655515800020020.
- Shreyder, Yu.A. 1988. Informatsiya i znanie [Information and knowledge]. Sistemnaya kontseptsiya informatsionnykh protsessov [System concept of information pro-cesses]. Moscow: VNIISI. 47-52.
- Ingwersen, P. 1995. Information and information science. Encyclopedia of library and information science. Eds. J. D. McDonald and M. Levine-Clark. New York, NY Marcel DekkerInc. 56(19):137-174.
- Hjorland, B. 2000. Library and information science: Practice, theory, and philosophical basis. Inform. Process. Manag. 36(3):501-531. doi: 10.1016/S0306- 4573(99)00038-2.
- Gilyarevskiy, R. S., ed. 2006. Informatika kak nauka ob informatsii: informatsionnyy, dokumental'nyy, tekhno- logicheskiy, ekonomicheskiy, sotsial'nyy i organizatsionnyy aspekty [Informatics as information science: Informational, documentary, technological, economic, social, and organizational dimensions]. Moscow: FAIR-PRESS. 592 p.
- Zatsman, I. M. 2022. Teoreticheskie osnovaniya komp'yuternogo obrazovaniya: sredy predmetnoy oblasti informatiki kak osnovanie klassifikatsii ee ob"ektov [Theoretical foundations of digital education: Subject domain media of informatics as the base of its objects' classification]. Sistemy i Sredstva Informatiki - Systems and Means of Informatics 32(4):77-89. doi: 10.14357/ 08696527220408. EDN: SAUWDF.
- Zatsman, I. M. 2022. O nauchnoy paradigme informatiki: verkhniy uroven' klassifikatsii ob"ektov ee predmetnoy oblasti [On the scientific paradigm of informatics: The classification high level of its objects]. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 16(4):73-79. doi: 10.14357/19922264220411. EDN: XZNKVI.
- Zatsman, I. M. 2019. Interfeysy tret'ego poryadka v informatike [Third-order interfaces in informatics]. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 13(3):82-89. doi: 10.14357/19922264190312. EDN: EHRQLF.
- Zatsman, I. 2014. Table of interfaces of informatics as computer and information science. Scientific Technical Information Processing 41(4):233-246. EDN: WEPZSZ.
- Zatsman, I. 2023. Digital spiral model of knowledge creation and encoding its dynamics. 18th Forum (International) on Knowledge Asset Dynamics Proceedings. Matera, Italy: Arts for Business Institute. 581-596.
- Nissen, M. E. 2006. Harnessing knowledge dynamics: Principled organizational knowing & learning. London: IRM Press. 278 p.
- Solomonick, A. B. 2011. Filosofiya znakovykh sistem
i yazyk [Philosophy of sign systems and language]. Moscow: LKI. 408 p.
- Vakulenko, V.V., and I. M. Zatsman. 2023. Formalizovannoe opisanie statisticheskoy obrabotki informatsii v bazakh dannykh [Formalized description of statistical information processing in databases]. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 17(3):93-99. doi: 10.14357/ 19922264230313. EDN: TYCAEX.
[+] About this article
Title
SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM OF INFORMATICS: CLASSIFICATION OF DOMAIN OBJECTS
Journal
Informatics and Applications
2023, Volume 17, Issue 4, pp 96-103
Cover Date
2023-12-10
DOI
10.14357/19922264230413
Print ISSN
1992-2264
Publisher
Institute of Informatics Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences
Additional Links
Key words
scientific paradigm; classification of domain's objects of informatics; basis of classification; subject domain media
Authors
I. M. Zatsman
Author Affiliations
Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
|