Informatics and Applications
2020, Volume 14, Issue 3, pp 55-61
BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING EXPOUNDED FOR PRESCHOOLERS
- V. B. Betelin
- A. G. Kushnirenko
- A. G. Leonov
Abstract
The development of information technology has formed a socioeconomic demand for reducing the age of acquaintance of children with programming. As a result of 6 years of efforts, the authors managed to develop and massively introduce an annual programming course for preschoolers built on the metaphor of program control.
In the process of developing the course, the authors were able to select and formulate a set of basic programming concepts which fully reveals this metaphor and, at the same time, can be mastered by preschool children age 6+ in an active-play form. This set of concepts is introduced using examples of control programs for moving and stationary objects with an intuitive, visible command system. At the beginning of the course, control without feedback is introduced, the concept of feedback is introduced and used only at the end of the course. As a basic pedagogical software product, the PictoMir text-free pictographic system developed by the Federal Research Center "Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences" and its programmatic and methodological content is used, allowing each preschooler to gain experience in writing and debugging at least 120-150 simplest programs by the end of the course.
[+] References (8)
- Materialy TASS XVIII s"ezda "Edinoy Rossii" [TASS Materials of the 18th All-Russian political party "UNITED RUSSIA" Congress]. Available at: https://tass.ru/ obschestvo/5888487 (accessed July 24, 2020).
- Rogozhkina, I., and A. Kushnirenko. 2011. PiktoMir: Teaching programming concepts to preschoolers with a new tutorial environment. Procd. Soc. Behv. 28:601-605. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.114.
- Besshaposhnikov, N. O., A. G. Kushnirenko, A. G. Leonov, and A. A. Malyy. 2019. Proekt dvuyazykovoy piktogrammno-tekstovoy uchebnoy sredy program- mirovaniya PiktoMir-K [The project of the bilingual pictogram-text educational environment for programming PictoMir-K]. Sbornik tezisov XIV konf. "Svobodnoe pro- grammnoe obespechenie v vysshey shkole" [14th Conference "Free Software in Higher Education" Proceedings]. Moscow: MAKS Press. 64-66.
- PiktoMir: Startovaya stranitsa proekta na sayte Federal'nogo nauchnogo tsentra "Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy
institut sistemnykh issledovaniy" Rossiyskoy akademii nauk [The start page of the PictoMir project on the website of the SRISA/NIISI RAS]. Available at: https://www.niisi.ru/piktomir/ (accessed July 24, 2020).
- Kabas, I. 2010. Recognizing the potential of ICT in early childhood education: Analytical survey. UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education. 148 p. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/ 48223/pf0000190433.pdf (accessed September 2, 2020).
- Semyonov, A. L. 2016. Kontseptual'nye problemy informatiki, algoritmiki i programmirovaniya v shkole [Conceptual problems of teaching computer science, algorithm studies, and programming at school]. Vestnik kibernetiki [Proceedings in Cybernetics] 2(22):11-15.
- Vygotskiy, L. S. 1999. Myshlenie i rech' [Thinking and saying]. Moscow: Labirint. Ch. 6.
- Papert, S. 1980. Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. New York, NY: Basic Books. 252 p.
[+] About this article
Title
BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING EXPOUNDED FOR PRESCHOOLERS
Journal
Informatics and Applications
2020, Volume 14, Issue 3, pp 55-61
Cover Date
2020-09-30
DOI
10.14357/19922264200308
Print ISSN
1992-2264
Publisher
Institute of Informatics Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences
Additional Links
Key words
informatics; robot; program; computer; programming language; preschooler; PiktoMir; pictogram
Authors
V. B. Betelin , A. G. Kushnirenko , and A. G. Leonov , ,
Author Affiliations
Federal Research Center "Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences," 36-1 Nakhimovsky Prosp., Moscow 117218, Russian Federation
M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
Moscow Pedagogical State University, 1-1 Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
|