Informatics and Applications
2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, pp 105-113
MACHINE TRANSLATION OF RUSSIAN CONNECTIVES INTO FRENCH: ERRORS AND QUALITY FAILURES
- V. Nuriev
- N. Buntman
- O. Inkova
Abstract
The paper shows what machine errors and quality failures may occur when translating connectives. To that end, a statistical machine translation (SMT) system has been used in order to generate translation samples. The opening part presents a brief retrospective on how machine translation has been developing for over 60 years; it sets out the necessary background and provides the context. Also, section 1 explains how an SMT system works. Then, the paper takes a closer look at the problem of evaluation of machine translation quality. Several approaches to classifying machine translation errors are considered to finally attempt a taxonomy that covers specifically the errors central to translation of connectives (from Russian into French). The closing section provides examples of these machine translation errors.
[+] References (20)
- Trujillo, A. 1999. Translation engines: Techniques for machine translation. Berlin - Heidelberg - New York: Springer. 306 p.
- Hutchins, W J. 2000. Early years in machine translation: Memoirs and biographies of pioneers. Amsterdam- Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 400 p.
- Nirenburg, S., H. Somers, and Y. Wilks, eds. 2003. Readings in machine translation. Cambridge-London: The MIT Press. 430 p.
- Wilks, Y. 2009. Machine translation. Its scope and limits. New York, NY: Springer. 246 p.
- Goutte, C., N. Cancedda, M. Dymetman, and G. Foster, eds. 2009. Learning machine translation. Cambridge- London: The MIT Press. 329 p.
- Koehn, Ph. 2010. Statistical machine translation. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. 447 p.
- Du, J., and A. Way. 2017. Neural pre-translation for hybrid machine translation. MT Summit XVI, the 16th Machine Translation Summit Proceedings. Eds.
S. Kurohashi and P. Fung. Nagoya. 27-40. Available at: http://aamt.info/app-def/S-102/mtsummit/2017/wp- content/uploads/sites/2/2017/09/MTSummitXVL ResearchTrack.pdf (accessed December 12, 2017).
- Hutchins, W. J. 2010. Machine translation: Aconcise his-tory. Transl. Stud. 13(1-2):29-70.
- Shiwen, Y., andX. Bai. 2015. Rule-based machine transla-tion. The Routledge encyclopedia of translation technology. Ed. Ch. Sin-wai. Abingdon -New York: Routledge. 186- 200.
- Nagao, M. 1984. A framework of a mechanical translation between Japanese and English by analogy principle. Artificial and human intelligence. Eds. A. Elithorn and R. Banerji. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 173-180.
- Hutchins, W. J. 2005. Towards a definition of example- based machine translation. MT Summit X Second Workshop on Example-Based Machine Translation Proceedings. Phuket. 63-70. Available at: http://www. mt-archive.info/MTS-2005-Hutchins.pdf (accessed December 12, 2017).
- Hearne, M., and A. Way. 2011. Statistical machine trans-lation: A guide for linguists and translators. Lang. Linguist. Compass 5(5):205-226.
- Costa, A., W. Ling, T. Luis, R. Correia, and L. Coheur.
2015. A linguistically motivated taxonomy for machine translation error analysis. Machine Translation 29:127- 161.
- Vilar, D., J.Xu, L. D'Haro, andH. Ney. 2006. Erroranaly- sis of statistical machine translation output. 5th Conference (International) on Language Resources and Evaluation Proceedings. Genoa, Italy: European Language Resources Association (ELRA). Available at: http://www.lrec- conf.org/proceedings/lrec2006/pdf/413_pdf.pdf (accessed December 12, 2017).
- Buntman, N., J.-L. Minel, D. Le Pesant, and I. Zatsman.
2010. Typology and computer modelling of translation difficulties. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 3(4):77-83.
- Popkova, N.A., O. Yu. In'kova, I. M. Zatsman, and M. G. Kruzhkov. 2015. Metodika postroeniya monoek- vivalentsiy v nadkorpusnoy baze dannykh konnektorov [Methodology of constructing monoequivalences in the supracorpora database of connectors]. Tr. 2-y nauchn. konf. "Zadachi sovremennoy informatiki" [2nd Scientific Conference "Problems of Modern Informatics" Proceedings]. Moscow: FRC CSC RAS. 143-153.
1
- Zatsman, I.M., O.Yu. In'kova, M.G. Kruzhkov, and N. A. Popkova. 2016. Predstavlenie krossyazykovykh znaniy o konnektorakh v nadkorpusnykh bazakh dan- nykh [Representation of cross-lingual knowledge about
connectors in supracorpora databases]. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 10(1):106-118.
- Zaliznyak, Anna A., I. M. Zatsman, and O.Yu. In'kova. 2017. Nadkorpusnaya baza dannykh konnektorov: postroenie sistemy terminov [Supracorpora database on connectives: Term system development]. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 11(1):100-108.
- Zatsman, I.M., O. S. Mamonova, and A. Yu. Shchurova.
2017. Obratimost' i al'ternativnost' generalizatsii mode- ley perevoda konnektorov v parallel'nykh tekstakh [Re-versibility and alternativeness of generalization of con-nectives translations models in parallel texts]. Sistemy i Sredstva Informatiki - Systems and Means of Informatics 27(2):125-142.
- In'kova, O. Yu., and N. A. Popkova. 2017. Statistical data as information source for linguistic analysis of Russian connectors. Informatika i ee Primeneniya - Inform. Appl. 11(3):123-131.
[+] About this article
Title
MACHINE TRANSLATION OF RUSSIAN CONNECTIVES INTO FRENCH: ERRORS AND QUALITY FAILURES
Journal
Informatics and Applications
2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, pp 105-113
Cover Date
2018-05-30
DOI
10.14357/19922264180215
Print ISSN
1992-2264
Publisher
Institute of Informatics Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences
Additional Links
Key words
statistical machine translation; corpus linguistics; machine translation errors; parallel texts
Authors
V. Nuriev , , N. Buntman , and O. Inkova
Author Affiliations
Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 bld. 1 Bolshoy Kislovsky Lane, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44-2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation
M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
University of Geneva, 24 du General-Dufour Str., Geneve 4 1211, Switzerland
|